The Crusades

The Crusades were a series of religiously motivated military campaigns that took place between the 11th and 13th centuries, primarily between European Christians and Muslim powers in the Middle East.

Initiated by Pope Urban II in 1095, the First Crusade aimed to reclaim Jerusalem and the Holy Land from Muslim control. Over time, several Crusades followed, involving knights, kings, and common people seeking spiritual reward, wealth, or adventure.

While some Crusaders captured territories temporarily, the long-term impact included increased trade, cultural exchange, and tensions between religions.

The Crusades significantly shaped medieval Europe and the broader relationship between Christianity and Islam.
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